Antibiotics for cystitis are prescribed after examination and identification of the causative agent of the disease.At the same time, a test is carried out to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various drugs.Based on the information received, the doctor draws up a treatment regimen necessary to effectively fight the infection and prevent serious complications.
Efficiency
Pathogenic microflora is capable of developing resistance to various drugs.Therefore, modern antibiotics have a broad spectrum of action and can destroy almost all pathogenic microorganisms.The most popular drug is fosfomycin.
The antibacterial active ingredient is available in powder form.This ensures high bioavailability.The active ingredient destroys bacterial cells, thereby alleviating the main symptoms of an infection.A wide spectrum of action and a minimal number of side effects allow the use of fosfomycin in various forms of cystitis.
In acute cases
With an acute inflammatory process in the bladder, it is necessary to quickly stop the growth of pathogenic microflora and prevent the disease from becoming chronic.For this purpose, modern antibiotics with proven effectiveness are used.
Monural is often prescribed for acute cystitis.Its main component is able to accumulate in the tissues of the urinary system and maintain a therapeutic effect for a long period of time.A single application is enough for an uncomplicated infection.
For chronic ones
For chronic cystitis, an antibacterial agent should be selected more carefully based on test data.Depending on the sensitivity of bacteria to various substances, the doctor determines the name, release form and dose of the drug.
With blood
If inflammation of the bladder lining is accompanied by bleeding, the patient is usually hospitalized and given antibiotic injections.Hemorrhagic cystitis poses a major health risk. Therefore, treatment takes place in a hospital under medical supervision.
Fluoroquinolones
In the complex therapy of cystitis, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones are often used.These are synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics that can interrupt the DNA synthesis of pathogenic bacteria.
Most fluoroquinolones are active against gram-negative pathogenic microflora.At the same time, gram-positive microorganisms such as streptococci, enterococci and pneumococci as well as anaerobic bacteria show resistance to these substances.
Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin are prescribed to treat cystitis and other urinary tract infections.The tablets have a number of contraindications.They should not be used by children under 18 years of age, pregnant and breastfeeding women, and patients with renal, liver and cardiovascular insufficiency.
Cephalosporins
The cephalosporin group of antibacterial agents includes 5 generations of drugs that can destroy the cell walls of bacteria.Medicines are available in different forms: tablets, solutions and powders for injection, as well as in the form of a suspension.The peculiarity of drugs is that they are characterized by relatively low toxicity.Antibiotics in this group are sometimes even prescribed to small children.
Side effects of cephalosporins often include nausea and vomiting or allergic skin reactions.For cystitis, the doctor may prescribe cephalexin monohydrate, cefixime, cefaclor, ceftriaxone.
Penicillins
The list of drugs belonging to the penicillin group is quite extensive, since this type of antibiotic was developed earlier than others.Drugs affect the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of the cell wall of the infectious agent.However, many species of pathogenic microflora have developed resistance to penicillins.Therefore, these drugs are used less and less to treat inflammatory processes in the urinary system.For cystitis, ampicillin or amoxicillin may be prescribed.
Hydroxyquinolines
8-Hydroxyquinoline derivatives are characterized by an intensive antimicrobial effect.These compounds disrupt the synthesis of DNA gyrase in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and stop their further multiplication.From the group of hydroxyquinolines, nitroxoline is used for the complex treatment of bladder infections.
This remedy is prescribed if treatment with other medications has not brought a positive result.The antibiotic has many contraindications and can cause serious side effects, so it is strictly forbidden to use it without a doctor's recommendation.
Quinolones
The quinolone group of drugs with bactericidal action was created on the basis of nalidixic acid (nalidixic acid) and pipemidic acid (pimidic acid).
Medicines in this series have proven to be effective uroantiseptics and therefore are often prescribed for the treatment of cystitis and other infectious diseases of the urinary tract.However, since not all pathogens are sensitive to these antibiotics, you should undergo an examination before starting treatment.
Nitrofurans
A class of synthetic antimicrobials called nitrofurans includes such popular tablets as nitrofurantoin and furazidine.
These drugs contain active substances that are quickly absorbed into the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate into the lesion and accumulate in the urine and kidneys.Drugs stop the growth of bacteria and destroy them.The difficulty in using nitrofurans is that these drugs cause unwanted reactions in the body.
Macrolides
Drugs from the macrolide group are of natural origin and have minimal toxic effects on the human body.Therefore, they are considered the safest antibacterial agents for cystitis.
For inflammation of the bladder mucosa, tablets such as roxithromycin and azithromycin are effective.Their active ingredients destabilize the synthesis of special enzymes in bacterial ribosomes.As a result, pathogenic microorganisms, including intracellular ones, die.Macrolides also stimulate the body's immune response.
Tetracyclines
Antibiotics of the tetracycline group are able to destroy bacterial cell membranes.These drugs are effective against gram-positive aerobic pathogens.Tetracycline drugs are effective against infections with certain gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.
However, the spectrum of action of antibiotics is quite narrow compared to other drugs in this pharmaceutical sector.Therefore, tetracyclines are prescribed only after receiving the test results.Doxycycline is most commonly used for bladder infections.
Levomycetins
The main active ingredient of drugs from the chloramphenicol group is a component whose properties are identical to the natural antibiotic chloramphenicol.Levomycetin and its analogues are active against many types of pathogenic microflora.The antibiotic has a bacteriostatic effect.
However, some pathogens causing urinary tract infections have developed resistance to chloramphenicol.In addition, the drug has many contraindications.Therefore, Levomycetin is prescribed for the treatment of cystitis only if therapy with other drugs has not produced a positive result.
Herbal remedies
Herbal medicines are used to treat inflammatory processes in the organs of the urinary system.
A natural remedy based on cranberries is highly effective against urinary tract infections.The berry has a bactericidal and diuretic effect and strengthens the immune system.
Contraindications
Antibiotics are effective drugs and have a number of contraindications.Taking medications without consulting a doctor can have serious health consequences.When treating an infectious lesion of the bladder, you should strictly adhere to the urologist's recommendations and observe the dosage and duration of use of the prescribed medications.
About pregnancy
During pregnancy, most antibiotics are contraindicated because the active ingredients can penetrate the placental barrier and cause malformations in the fetus.Herbal medicines are often prescribed during pregnancy.The doctor selects antibacterial agents for the expectant mother individually if the benefit for the woman outweighs the potential risk for the child.
While breastfeeding
Strong medications are also prohibited during breastfeeding.Antibiotics used to treat bladder infections in women can harm the baby if the active ingredients pass into breast milk.It is recommended to switch the child to artificial nutrition throughout the entire period of therapy.
For children
Children should not be given antibacterial agents without consulting a doctor.A number of medications are contraindicated at an early age.In addition, in most cases, the dose of the drug is calculated based on the child's weight.
For men
When choosing an antibiotic, the doctor always takes into account not only the course of the disease, but also the patient's general health.
A number of medications are contraindicated in men with acute liver, cardiovascular and renal failure, cerebral atherosclerosis and other serious diseases.Some antibiotics have a negative effect on potency and reproductive function.This must be taken into account when taking medication.
Complications
With a bladder infection, there is a risk of complications that affect all pelvic organs.The infection can invade the kidneys and cause severe pyelonephritis.Bacterial infection of the urinary tract is dangerous for women due to various inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs.
If the patient does not follow the doctor's recommendations regarding the dosage of drugs and the duration of therapy, the pathogenic flora that caused the infection may develop resistance to the drugs and become chronic.In this case, it is extremely difficult to completely cure cystitis.Chronic infection contributes to general intoxication of the body and reduced immunity.
Reviews
The best way to cure cystitis at home is to drink fosfomycin.You only need one pack of powder.The next day no symptoms.There are no side effects either.If I hadn't tried it myself, I wouldn't have believed that you can get rid of pain, itching and constant trips to the toilet in just one day.The product is expensive but effective.
Even inexpensive products can fight infections well.This was proven again by fosfomycin and ofloxacin.I took an antibiotic and then a herbal medicine to enhance the effect as per the doctor's recommended regimen.The symptoms of inflammation quickly disappeared, I stopped running to the toilet every half hour and returned to normal life.I simply had to take a course of probiotics to prevent dysbiosis.I didn't notice any other side effects.